Scripture referenced 21 passages
The passage this message was preached from, in full, with every other passage it reached for.
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Matthew 26:57-68 Jesus led to Caiaphas, false testimony sought, high priest questions him about being the Christ
57 Those who had taken Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were gathered together.
58 But Peter followed him from a distance, to the court of the high priest, and entered in and sat with the officers, to see the end.
59 Now the chief priests, the elders, and the whole council sought false testimony against Jesus, that they might put him to death;
60 and they found none. Even though many false witnesses came forward, they found none. But at last two false witnesses came forward,
61 and said, “This man said, ‘I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days.’”
62 The high priest stood up, and said to him, “Have you no answer? What is this that these testify against you?”
63 But Jesus held his peace. The high priest answered him, “I adjure you by the living God, that you tell us whether you are the Christ, the Son of God.”
64 Jesus said to him, “You have said it. Nevertheless, I tell you, after this you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming on the clouds of the sky.”
65 Then the high priest tore his clothing, saying, “He has spoken blasphemy! Why do we need any more witnesses? Behold, now you have heard his blasphemy.
66 What do you think?” They answered, “He is worthy of death!”
67 Then they spat in his face and beat him with their fists, and some slapped him,
68 saying, “Prophesy to us, you Christ! Who hit you?”
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Matthew 26:69-75
Peter's three denials in the courtyard, rooster crows
69 Now Peter was sitting outside in the court, and a maid came to him, saying, “You were also with Jesus, the Galilean!”
70 But he denied it before them all, saying, “I don’t know what you are talking about.”
71 When he had gone out onto the porch, someone else saw him, and said to those who were there, “This man also was with Jesus of Nazareth.”
72 Again he denied it with an oath, “I don’t know the man.”
73 After a little while those who stood by came and said to Peter, “Surely you are also one of them, for your speech makes you known.”
74 Then he began to curse and to swear, “I don’t know the man!” Immediately the rooster crowed.
75 Peter remembered the word which Jesus had said to him, “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” He went out and wept bitterly.
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Matthew 27:1-2
chief priests and elders confer to put Jesus to death and hand him to Pilate
1 Now when morning had come, all the chief priests and the elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death:
2 and they bound him, and led him away, and delivered him up to Pontius Pilate, the governor.
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Matthew 27:3-4
Judas returns the thirty pieces of silver declaring he betrayed innocent blood
3 Then Judas, who betrayed him, when he saw that Jesus was condemned, felt remorse, and brought back the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders,
4 saying, “I have sinned in that I betrayed innocent blood.” But they said, “What is that to us? You see to it.”
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Matthew 27:15-19
Pilate offers to release Barabbas or Jesus at Passover feast, his wife warns him about the righteous man
15 Now at the feast the governor was accustomed to release to the multitude one prisoner, whom they desired.
16 They had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas.
17 When therefore they were gathered together, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release to you? Barabbas, or Jesus, who is called Christ?”
18 For he knew that because of envy they had delivered him up.
19 While he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent to him, saying, “Have nothing to do with that righteous man, for I have suffered many things today in a dream because of him.”
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John 18:28-38
Jesus brought to Praetorium, Pilate questions him about his kingdom and truth, declares no grounds for charges
28 They led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
29 Pilate therefore went out to them, and said, “What accusation do you bring against this man?”
30 They answered him, “If this man weren’t an evildoer, we wouldn’t have delivered him up to you.”
31 Pilate therefore said to them, “Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law.” Therefore the Jews said to him, “It is not lawful for us to put anyone to death,”
32 that the word of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spoke, signifying by what kind of death he should die.
33 Pilate therefore entered again into the Praetorium, called Jesus, and said to him, “Are you the King of the Jews?”
34 Jesus answered him, “Do you say this by yourself, or did others tell you about me?”
35 Pilate answered, “I’m not a Jew, am I? Your own nation and the chief priests delivered you to me. What have you done?”
36 Jesus answered, “My Kingdom is not of this world. If my Kingdom were of this world, then my servants would fight, that I wouldn’t be delivered to the Jews. But now my Kingdom is not from here.”
37 Pilate therefore said to him, “Are you a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say that I am a king. For this reason I have been born, and for this reason I have come into the world, that I should testify to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.”
38 Pilate said to him, “What is truth?” When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no basis for a charge against him.
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Luke 23:6-12
Pilate sends Jesus to Herod Antipas, who mocks him and sends him back without judgment
6 But when Pilate heard Galilee mentioned, he asked if the man was a Galilean.
7 When he found out that he was in Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem during those days.
8 Now when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceedingly glad, for he had wanted to see him for a long time, because he had heard many things about him. He hoped to see some miracle done by him.
9 He questioned him with many words, but he gave no answers.
10 The chief priests and the scribes stood, vehemently accusing him.
11 Herod with his soldiers humiliated him and mocked him. Dressing him in luxurious clothing, they sent him back to Pilate.
12 Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day, for before that they were enemies with each other.
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Luke 23:13-25
Pilate declares no basis for charges a third time, crowd demands Barabbas, Pilate hands Jesus over
13 Pilate called together the chief priests, the rulers, and the people,
14 and said to them, “You brought this man to me as one that perverts the people, and behold, having examined him before you, I found no basis for a charge against this man concerning those things of which you accuse him.
15 Neither has Herod, for I sent you to him, and see, nothing worthy of death has been done by him.
16 I will therefore chastise him and release him.”
17 Now he had to release one prisoner to them at the feast.
18 But they all cried out together, saying, “Away with this man! Release to us Barabbas!”—
19 one who was thrown into prison for a certain revolt in the city, and for murder.
20 Then Pilate spoke to them again, wanting to release Jesus,
21 but they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify him!”
22 He said to them the third time, “Why? What evil has this man done? I have found no capital crime in him. I will therefore chastise him and release him.”
23 But they were urgent with loud voices, asking that he might be crucified. Their voices and the voices of the chief priests prevailed.
24 Pilate decreed that what they asked for should be done.
25 He released him who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, for whom they asked, but he delivered Jesus up to their will.
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John 19:1-12
flogging, crown of thorns, Pilate again finds no grounds, Jews threaten him with Caesar
1 So Pilate then took Jesus, and flogged him.
2 The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown, and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment.
3 They kept saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and they kept slapping him.
4 Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”
5 Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Behold, the man!”
6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves, and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.”
7 The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.”
8 When therefore Pilate heard this saying, he was more afraid.
9 He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer.
10 Pilate therefore said to him, “Aren’t you speaking to me? Don’t you know that I have power to release you, and have power to crucify you?”
11 Jesus answered, “You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin.”
12 At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this man, you aren’t Caesar’s friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!”
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John 19:4-6
Pilate brings Jesus out wearing crown of thorns, says behold the man, declares no grounds for charges
4 Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”
5 Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Behold, the man!”
6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves, and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.”
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Luke 23:32-43
two criminals led out with Jesus, penitent thief declares Jesus has done nothing wrong and asks to be remembered
32 There were also others, two criminals, led with him to be put to death.
33 When they came to the place that is called The Skull, they crucified him there with the criminals, one on the right and the other on the left.
34 Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they don’t know what they are doing.” Dividing his garments among them, they cast lots.
35 The people stood watching. The rulers with them also scoffed at him, saying, “He saved others. Let him save himself, if this is the Christ of God, his chosen one!”
36 The soldiers also mocked him, coming to him and offering him vinegar,
37 and saying, “If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!”
38 An inscription was also written over him in letters of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew: “THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.”
39 One of the criminals who was hanged insulted him, saying, “If you are the Christ, save yourself and us!”
40 But the other answered, and rebuking him said, “Don’t you even fear God, seeing you are under the same condemnation?
41 And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward for our deeds, but this man has done nothing wrong.”
42 He said to Jesus, “Lord, remember me when you come into your Kingdom.”
43 Jesus said to him, “Assuredly I tell you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”
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Luke 23:44-49
darkness, veil torn, Jesus entrusts his spirit to the Father, centurion declares the man was innocent
44 It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour.
45 The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in two.
46 Jesus, crying with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” Having said this, he breathed his last.
47 When the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, “Certainly this was a righteous man.”
48 All the multitudes that came together to see this, when they saw the things that were done, returned home beating their breasts.
49 All his acquaintances, and the women who followed with him from Galilee, stood at a distance, watching these things.
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Mark 15:39
centurion calls Jesus the Son of God
39 When the centurion, who stood by opposite him, saw that he cried out like this and breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!”
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Psalm 14
quoted via Romans 3 that there is no righteous person, not even one
1 The fool has said in his heart, “There is no God.” They are corrupt. They have done abominable deeds. There is no one who does good.
2 Yahweh looked down from heaven on the children of men, to see if there were any who understood, who sought after God.
3 They have all gone aside. They have together become corrupt. There is no one who does good, no, not one.
4 Have all the workers of iniquity no knowledge, who eat up my people as they eat bread, and don’t call on Yahweh?
5 There they were in great fear, for God is in the generation of the righteous.
6 You frustrate the plan of the poor, because Yahweh is his refuge.
7 Oh that the salvation of Israel would come out of Zion! When Yahweh restores the fortunes of his people, then Jacob shall rejoice, and Israel shall be glad.
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Psalm 53
noted as identical to Psalm 14, quoted via Romans 3
1 The fool has said in his heart, “There is no God.” They are corrupt, and have done abominable iniquity. There is no one who does good.
2 God looks down from heaven on the children of men, to see if there are any who understood, who seek after God.
3 Every one of them has gone back. They have become filthy together. There is no one who does good, no, not one.
4 Have the workers of iniquity no knowledge, who eat up my people as they eat bread, and don’t call on God?
5 There they were in great fear, where no fear was, for God has scattered the bones of him who encamps against you. You have put them to shame, because God has rejected them.
6 Oh that the salvation of Israel would come out of Zion! When God brings back his people from captivity, then Jacob shall rejoice, and Israel shall be glad.
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Psalm 5
venom of asps under their lips, quoted via Romans 3
1 Give ear to my words, Yahweh. Consider my meditation.
2 Listen to the voice of my cry, my King and my God; for to you do I pray.
3 Yahweh, in the morning you shall hear my voice. In the morning I will lay my requests before you, and will watch expectantly.
4 For you are not a God who has pleasure in wickedness. Evil can’t live with you.
5 The arrogant shall not stand in your sight. You hate all workers of iniquity.
6 You will destroy those who speak lies. Yahweh abhors the bloodthirsty and deceitful man.
7 But as for me, in the abundance of your loving kindness I will come into your house. I will bow toward your holy temple in reverence of you.
8 Lead me, Yahweh, in your righteousness because of my enemies. Make your way straight before my face.
9 For there is no faithfulness in their mouth. Their heart is destruction. Their throat is an open tomb. They flatter with their tongue.
10 Hold them guilty, God. Let them fall by their own counsels; Thrust them out in the multitude of their transgressions, for they have rebelled against you.
11 But let all those who take refuge in you rejoice, Let them always shout for joy, because you defend them. Let them also who love your name be joyful in you.
12 For you will bless the righteous. Yahweh, you will surround him with favor as with a shield.
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Psalm 59
feet swift to shed blood, destruction and misery in their path, quoted via Romans 3
1 Deliver me from my enemies, my God. Set me on high from those who rise up against me.
2 Deliver me from the workers of iniquity. Save me from the bloodthirsty men.
3 For, behold, they lie in wait for my soul. The mighty gather themselves together against me, not for my disobedience, nor for my sin, Yahweh.
4 I have done no wrong, yet they are ready to attack me. Rise up, behold, and help me!
5 You, Yahweh God of Armies, the God of Israel, rouse yourself to punish the nations. Show no mercy to the wicked traitors. Selah.
6 They return at evening, howling like dogs, and prowl around the city.
7 Behold, they spew with their mouth. Swords are in their lips, “For”, they say, “who hears us?”
8 But you, Yahweh, laugh at them. You scoff at all the nations.
9 Oh, my Strength, I watch for you, for God is my high tower.
10 My God will go before me with his loving kindness. God will let me look at my enemies in triumph.
11 Don’t kill them, or my people may forget. Scatter them by your power, and bring them down, Lord our shield.
12 For the sin of their mouth, and the words of their lips, let them be caught in their pride, for the curses and lies which they utter.
13 Consume them in wrath. Consume them, and they will be no more. Let them know that God rules in Jacob, to the ends of the earth. Selah.
14 At evening let them return. Let them howl like a dog, and go around the city.
15 They shall wander up and down for food, and wait all night if they aren’t satisfied.
16 But I will sing of your strength. Yes, I will sing aloud of your loving kindness in the morning. For you have been my high tower, a refuge in the day of my distress.
17 To you, my strength, I will sing praises. For God is my high tower, the God of my mercy.
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Romans 3:10-18
extended quotation that no one is righteous and all are accountable to God
10 As it is written, “There is no one righteous; no, not one.
11 There is no one who understands. There is no one who seeks after God.
12 They have all turned away. They have together become unprofitable. There is no one who does good, no, not so much as one.”
13 “Their throat is an open tomb. With their tongues they have used deceit.” “The poison of vipers is under their lips”;
14 “whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness.”
15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood.
16 Destruction and misery are in their ways.
17 The way of peace, they haven’t known.”
18 “There is no fear of God before their eyes.”
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Romans 3:21-26
righteousness of God revealed through faith in Christ, propitiation in his blood, God the justifier of those who believe
21 But now apart from the law, a righteousness of God has been revealed, being testified by the law and the prophets;
22 even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ to all and on all those who believe. For there is no distinction,
23 for all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God;
24 being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus;
25 whom God sent to be an atoning sacrifice, through faith in his blood, for a demonstration of his righteousness through the passing over of prior sins, in God’s forbearance;
26 to demonstrate his righteousness at this present time; that he might himself be just, and the justifier of him who has faith in Jesus.
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1 John 1:8-10
if we say we have no sin we deceive ourselves; if we confess sins he is faithful to forgive and cleanse
8 If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.
9 If we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous to forgive us the sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
10 If we say that we haven’t sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.
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John 3:16
whoever believes in him will not perish but have everlasting life
16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish, but have eternal life.
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Recap
The message in order, in a few minutes of reading.
On Palm Sunday, Pastor Nathan walked through the trials and crucifixion of Jesus by tracking a single thread: declaration after declaration that Jesus was innocent. He asked the congregation to sit with that fact before turning it around and asking the harder question, which is whether we ourselves can say the same.
What was said
The sermon opened with a question that had struck Pastor Nathan while reviewing the harmony of the gospels: how many times does someone have to be declared innocent before you let him go? The answer he found was eight times, and they still crucified him. That number, and the refusal to honor it, became the backbone of the whole message.
Moving through the passion narrative gospel by gospel, he traced each declaration of innocence in order. Judas, the man who arranged the arrest, returned the thirty pieces of silver and said he had betrayed innocent blood. That made the betrayer himself the first witness for the defense.
Pilate said it repeatedly. He said it before sending Jesus to Herod, he said it after Herod sent Jesus back, and he said it again from the judgment seat after the flogging. His wife sent word that she had suffered in a dream over "that righteous man" and that Pilate should have nothing to do with him. Even so, Pilate handed Jesus over to avoid a riot and protect his standing with Rome.
The final declaration came from the cross itself. One of the two criminals crucified alongside Jesus rebuked the other and said plainly that they were receiving what their crimes deserved, but that this man had done nothing wrong. He asked Jesus to remember him, and Jesus answered that they would be together in paradise that very day. Pastor Nathan pointed out that what moved Jesus to that answer was the man's honest reckoning with his own guilt and his recognition of Jesus as king.
After the death, the Roman centurion who had overseen the execution began praising God and called Jesus innocent. Mark adds that he named him the son of God. Pastor Nathan noted that centurions consistently appear in the New Testament as people who see clearly, and this one was no different.
With innocence established, the sermon turned. Pastor Nathan moved into Romans 3, Psalms 14 and 53, and First John to make the case that the innocence Jesus held is not something any of us can claim for ourselves. The law closes every mouth. All have sinned and fall short. If we say we have no sin, we are deceiving ourselves.
The closing point was that the gap between Jesus' innocence and our guilt is exactly where the gospel lives. He was justified by no one because he needed no justification. We are justified as a gift, through the redemption in Christ Jesus, because he took a punishment he did not deserve. The penitent criminal on the cross is the picture of it: recognizing his own guilt, recognizing Jesus' innocence, and receiving the promise of paradise.
Doing a Bible study?
Here is a guide we have prepared for you: the passages in order, questions for the group, and room to write.
- The pastor walked through eight declarations of Jesus' innocence, from Judas all the way to the Roman centurion. Which one of those struck you most, and why do you think that particular voice carries weight?
- Pilate said 'I find no grounds at all for charges in his case' and then had Jesus flogged anyway. What does that tell us about what fear and political pressure can do to a person's conscience?
and 3 more questions in the guide
