Parables of Jesus - Traditional Service
May 16, 2022 · Parables of the Kingdom
Scripture referenced 21 passages
The passage this message was preached from, in full, with every other passage it reached for.
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Matthew 13 (parable of the four soils) introduced as the lead-off parable for the seven parables of the kingdom
1 On that day Jesus went out of the house, and sat by the seaside.
2 Great multitudes gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat, and sat, and all the multitude stood on the beach.
3 He spoke to them many things in parables, saying, “Behold, a farmer went out to sow.
4 As he sowed, some seeds fell by the roadside, and the birds came and devoured them.
5 Others fell on rocky ground, where they didn’t have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of earth.
6 When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away.
7 Others fell among thorns. The thorns grew up and choked them.
8 Others fell on good soil, and yielded fruit: some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.
9 He who has ears to hear, let him hear.”
10 The disciples came, and said to him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?”
11 He answered them, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, but it is not given to them.
12 For whoever has, to him will be given, and he will have abundance, but whoever doesn’t have, from him will be taken away even that which he has.
13 Therefore I speak to them in parables, because seeing they don’t see, and hearing, they don’t hear, neither do they understand.
14 In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, which says, ‘By hearing you will hear, and will in no way understand; Seeing you will see, and will in no way perceive:
15 for this people’s heart has grown callous, their ears are dull of hearing, they have closed their eyes; or else perhaps they might perceive with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their heart, and would turn again; and I would heal them.’
16 “But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear.
17 For most certainly I tell you that many prophets and righteous men desired to see the things which you see, and didn’t see them; and to hear the things which you hear, and didn’t hear them.
18 “Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.
19 When anyone hears the word of the Kingdom, and doesn’t understand it, the evil one comes, and snatches away that which has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown by the roadside.
20 What was sown on the rocky places, this is he who hears the word, and immediately with joy receives it;
21 yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles.
22 What was sown among the thorns, this is he who hears the word, but the cares of this age and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.
23 What was sown on the good ground, this is he who hears the word, and understands it, who most certainly bears fruit, and produces, some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.”
24 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,
25 but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel weeds also among the wheat, and went away.
26 But when the blade sprang up and produced fruit, then the darnel weeds appeared also.
27 The servants of the householder came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Where did these darnel weeds come from?’
28 “He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ “The servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and gather them up?’
29 “But he said, ‘No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel weeds, you root up the wheat with them.
30 Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First, gather up the darnel weeds, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”
31 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field;
32 which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs, and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches.”
33 He spoke another parable to them. “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, until it was all leavened.”
34 Jesus spoke all these things in parables to the multitudes; and without a parable, he didn’t speak to them,
35 that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, “I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden from the foundation of the world.”
36 Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the darnel weeds of the field.”
37 He answered them, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,
38 the field is the world; and the good seed, these are the children of the Kingdom; and the darnel weeds are the children of the evil one.
39 The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.
40 As therefore the darnel weeds are gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.
41 The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling, and those who do iniquity,
42 and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and the gnashing of teeth.
43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the Kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
44 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in the field, which a man found, and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has, and buys that field.
45 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a merchant seeking fine pearls,
46 who having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had, and bought it.
47 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a dragnet, that was cast into the sea, and gathered some fish of every kind,
48 which, when it was filled, they drew up on the beach. They sat down, and gathered the good into containers, but the bad they threw…
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Keep this verse
Mark 4 (parable of the seed growing secretly)
called the parable of inexplicable growth; seed sprouts and grows, the farmer does not know how
1 Again he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea, and sat down. All the multitude were on the land by the sea.
2 He taught them many things in parables, and told them in his teaching,
3 “Listen! Behold, the farmer went out to sow,
4 and as he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.
5 Others fell on the rocky ground, where it had little soil, and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of soil.
6 When the sun had risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.
7 Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
8 Others fell into the good ground, and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some produced thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times as much.”
9 He said, “Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear.”
10 When he was alone, those who were around him with the twelve asked him about the parables.
11 He said to them, “To you is given the mystery of God’s Kingdom, but to those who are outside, all things are done in parables,
12 that ‘seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest perhaps they should turn again, and their sins should be forgiven them.’”
13 He said to them, “Don’t you understand this parable? How will you understand all of the parables?
14 The farmer sows the word.
15 The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes, and takes away the word which has been sown in them.
16 These in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with joy.
17 They have no root in themselves, but are short-lived. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately they stumble.
18 Others are those who are sown among the thorns. These are those who have heard the word,
19 and the cares of this age, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.
20 Those which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, and accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times.”
21 He said to them, “Is the lamp brought to be put under a basket or under a bed? Isn’t it put on a stand?
22 For there is nothing hidden, except that it should be made known; neither was anything made secret, but that it should come to light.
23 If any man has ears to hear, let him hear.”
24 He said to them, “Take heed what you hear. With whatever measure you measure, it will be measured to you, and more will be given to you who hear.
25 For whoever has, to him will more be given, and he who doesn’t have, even that which he has will be taken away from him.”
26 He said, “God’s Kingdom is as if a man should cast seed on the earth,
27 and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, though he doesn’t know how.
28 For the earth bears fruit: first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear.
29 But when the fruit is ripe, immediately he puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.”
30 He said, “How will we liken God’s Kingdom? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?
31 It’s like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,
32 yet when it is sown, grows up, and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow.”
33 With many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.
34 Without a parable he didn’t speak to them; but privately to his own disciples he explained everything.
35 On that day, when evening had come, he said to them, “Let’s go over to the other side.”
36 Leaving the multitude, they took him with them, even as he was, in the boat. Other small boats were also with him.
37 A big wind storm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so much that the boat was already filled.
38 He himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion, and they woke him up, and told him, “Teacher, don’t you care that we are dying?”
39 He awoke, and rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, “Peace! Be still!” The wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
40 He said to them, “Why are you so afraid? How is it that you have no faith?”
41 They were greatly afraid, and said to one another, “Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?”
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Matthew 13:24-30 (parable of the wheat and weeds)
enemy sows darnel among wheat while men sleep; both allowed to grow until harvest
24 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,
25 but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel weeds also among the wheat, and went away.
26 But when the blade sprang up and produced fruit, then the darnel weeds appeared also.
27 The servants of the householder came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Where did these darnel weeds come from?’
28 “He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ “The servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and gather them up?’
29 “But he said, ‘No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel weeds, you root up the wheat with them.
30 Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First, gather up the darnel weeds, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”
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Matthew 13:36-43 (explanation of the wheat and weeds)
Jesus explains to disciples in the house; son of man sows good seed, harvest is end of the age, angels gather the wicked
36 Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the darnel weeds of the field.”
37 He answered them, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,
38 the field is the world; and the good seed, these are the children of the Kingdom; and the darnel weeds are the children of the evil one.
39 The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.
40 As therefore the darnel weeds are gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.
41 The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling, and those who do iniquity,
42 and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and the gnashing of teeth.
43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the Kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
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Matthew 13:31-32 (parable of the mustard seed)
smallest seed becomes largest garden plant so birds nest in its branches
31 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field;
32 which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs, and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches.”
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Mark 4:30-32 (parable of the mustard seed)
parallel account; how shall we picture the kingdom of God, it is like a mustard seed
30 He said, “How will we liken God’s Kingdom? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?
31 It’s like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,
32 yet when it is sown, grows up, and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow.”
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Matthew 13:33 (parable of the leaven)
woman hid leaven in three sata of flour until all was leavened
33 He spoke another parable to them. “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, until it was all leavened.”
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Psalm 78:2
quoted by Jesus as fulfillment: I will open my mouth in parables, proclaim things hidden since the foundation of the world
2 I will open my mouth in a parable. I will utter dark sayings of old,
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Psalm 78:1-4
read at close of sermon: hear my teaching, tell the next generation the praiseworthy deeds of the Lord
1 Hear my teaching, my people. Turn your ears to the words of my mouth.
2 I will open my mouth in a parable. I will utter dark sayings of old,
3 Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us.
4 We will not hide them from their children, telling to the generation to come the praises of Yahweh, his strength, and his wondrous deeds that he has done.
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Matthew 13:44 (parable of the hidden treasure)
man finds treasure in a field, sells everything to buy that field
44 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in the field, which a man found, and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has, and buys that field.
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Matthew 13:45-46 (parable of the pearl of great value)
merchant finds one pearl of great value and sells everything to buy it
45 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a merchant seeking fine pearls,
46 who having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had, and bought it.
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Matthew 13:47-50 (parable of the dragnet)
net cast into sea gathers fish of every kind; at end of age angels remove wicked from righteous into furnace of fire
47 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a dragnet, that was cast into the sea, and gathered some fish of every kind,
48 which, when it was filled, they drew up on the beach. They sat down, and gathered the good into containers, but the bad they threw away.
49 So will it be in the end of the world. The angels will come and separate the wicked from among the righteous,
50 and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth.”
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Matthew 13:51-52 (parable of the head of household)
every scribe who becomes a disciple of the kingdom brings out of his treasure new things and old
51 Jesus said to them, “Have you understood all these things?” They answered him, “Yes, Lord.”
52 He said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has been made a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a householder, who brings out of his treasure new and old things.”
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1 Corinthians 10:11
things written in Old Testament happened as examples and were written for our instruction upon whom the ends of the ages have come
11 Now all these things happened to them by way of example, and they were written for our admonition, on whom the ends of the ages have come.
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Romans 15:4
whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction that through endurance and encouragement of the scriptures we might have hope
4 For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that through perseverance and through encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.
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Romans 15:5-7
may the God of endurance and encouragement grant harmony to live with one voice glorifying God; welcome one another as Christ welcomed you
5 Now the God of perseverance and of encouragement grant you to be of the same mind one with another according to Christ Jesus,
6 that with one accord you may with one mouth glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.
7 Therefore accept one another, even as Christ also accepted you, to the glory of God.
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Romans 1:16
I am not ashamed of the gospel, it is the power of God unto salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek
16 For I am not ashamed of the Good News of Christ, because it is the power of God for salvation for everyone who believes; for the Jew first, and also for the Greek.
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Romans 1:17
in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith
17 For in it is revealed God’s righteousness from faith to faith. As it is written, “But the righteous shall live by faith.”
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Habakkuk 2:4
quoted within Romans 1:17: the righteous shall live by faith
4 Behold, his soul is puffed up. It is not upright in him, but the righteous will live by his faith.
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1 John 1:9
whoever is confessing their sins, God is faithful and just to forgive and cleanse from all unrighteousness
9 If we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous to forgive us the sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
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James 1:5
benediction: if any lacks wisdom, ask God who gives generously to all without finding fault
5 But if any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach; and it will be given to him.
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Recap
The message in order, in a few minutes of reading.
The message worked through the remaining parables of the kingdom in Matthew 13 and Mark 4, covering five parables in one sitting after two previous weeks had handled the others. The central thread running through all of them is that the kingdom of heaven is of surpassing value, that it grows in ways that cannot be fully explained, and that a harvest is coming that will divide people into just two groups.
What was said
The preacher opened by returning to the parable of the four soils, framing it as the introduction to all the others rather than a standalone lesson about salvation. The soils describe how a person receives what Jesus is about to say. Hard ground, shallow ground, thorny ground, and good ground. The point was that the thorns, representing the riches and distractions of this life, can choke out something that had genuinely taken root, and that living in one of the wealthiest places in human history makes that warning worth sitting with.
The parable of seed growing on its own, from Mark, was called the parable of inexplicable growth. The man sows and sleeps and rises, and the seed grows, and he does not know how. The preacher said he could relate to that. He knows the content of scripture and he knows it has power to change lives, but the exact mechanics of how that happens are not in his hands. That parable, like several that follow, also points toward a coming harvest as its destination.
The wheat and the weeds parable received the most attention. Darnel, the weed in question, looks nearly identical to wheat and is poisonous if treated like wheat. The enemy sows it while the workers are sleeping, and the preacher pressed on that detail. When the church turns its attention away from the gospel toward political power or internal conflict, weeds get sown. The landowner refuses to let the servants pull the weeds early because they would uproot the wheat with them. At the harvest, however, the separation is total and final, and Jesus explains it plainly to the disciples when they ask him privately.
The mustard seed and the leaven parables were read together as a pair, and the preacher noted that Jesus seemed to give one example drawn from the world of men and one from the world of women, making the teaching accessible to the whole crowd. The mustard seed starts as the smallest of the agricultural seeds and becomes the largest plant in the garden, large enough for birds to nest in it. The leaven works invisibly through an enormous quantity of flour until all of it is changed. The kingdom works the same way, the preacher said, through the Holy Spirit, internally, invisibly, and once it has worked, irreversibly. He also pushed back gently on the tendency of the church to keep its blessing to itself rather than letting it reach the people around it.
The hidden treasure and the pearl of great price were treated briefly and as a deliberate pair. Both show a person who finds something of such surpassing worth that selling everything else to obtain it is not a sacrifice but a joy. The preacher suggested Jesus repeated the lesson in two different images because if land acquisition did not land with someone, maybe the merchant's world of fine pearls would.
The dragnet parable returned to the theme of the harvest. The net gathers fish of every kind, which the preacher connected to the commission to reach every people group, and then the sorting happens on the shore. The angels remove the wicked from among the righteous. He said the same phrase, weeping and gnashing of teeth, appears in both this parable and the wheat and weeds explanation, and called it simply the facts. Universalism, he said, is the most popular heresy of the day because it is more comfortable than a coming separation, but these parables do not leave room for it.
The final piece was the head of household parable, which Jesus tacks on after asking whether the disciples have understood all of it and receiving a confident yes. A scribe who becomes a true disciple of the kingdom is like a householder who brings out of his storehouse things both new and old. The preacher tied this back to Psalm 78, which Jesus was quoting when he spoke in parables, and to Paul's argument in Romans that the Old Testament was written for our instruction. God's heart for people has not changed across the two testaments. The message closed with the call of Psalm 78 to tell the next generation the praiseworthy deeds of the Lord, and with Paul's declaration in Romans that he is not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes.
Doing a Bible study?
Here is a guide we have prepared for you: the passages in order, questions for the group, and room to write.
- The preacher said that the parable of the four soils is not just about who is saved and who is not, but about how deeply the word takes root in us. Where do you see the thorns of wealth and distraction choking out the gospel in your own life, and what would it look like to cultivate better soil?
- The sermon pointed out that weeds got sown in the field while the workers were sleeping, and connected that to the church losing focus on the gospel through in-fighting or the pursuit of political power. Can you think of times, personally or in the broader church, when that kind of sleep let something harmful take root?
and 3 more questions in the guide
